At my stage, I can only see federation hulls. Besides which, what i’m looking for is more a guide on racial tendencies. Such as, are they big on missiles? Do they tend to favor shields over armor? That sort of thing.
Federation hulls have different balanced bonuses, the alliance armor, rebels speed and empire shields. Also, certain ships have hull integrity(hitpoints) bonuses.
The Tribe has half strength defenses in exchange for double strength hulls, and the Order has decreased speed in exchange for increased power output.
Also, every race gets a few modules unique to that race, and generally follows their theme: for example, the Tribe gets projectile weapons, an enhanced cruiser repair system, and a frigate-sized repair system.