Remember that the list of affects for UNEMPLOYMENT only refer to the BLUE STATISTICS, EXISITNG RED SITUATIONS, EXISTING EVENTS, EXISTING DILLEMMAS and any EXISTING POLICIES, it does not list any UNIMPLEMENTED POLICIES. You might want to take a look at the POLICY list as there MAY be others you can use that will have an effect.
Off the top of my head I would look in the ECONOMY TAB and check things like SMALL BUSINESS LOANS (possibly only GDP, am unsure), SUBSIDIES for BUSINESS of various kinds etc. Cannot guarantee they will affect UNEMPLOYEMNT but they might, implement them and have a look
Also make sure you have NO SITUATIONS that are playing into UNEMPLOYMENT (Uncompetitive Economy might affect UNEMPLOYEMNT cannot remember, and I am sure there will be others). If you find one, try resolving it first as that will make all your other efforts to resolve unemployment much more effective. Situations seems designed to put the “brakes” on various sectors of government until such times as they are resolved.
Pushing money towards the POLICE is never a bad things, it makes a small improvement to UNEMPLOYMENT and pretty much makes everyone happy for a moderate cost. It could help resolve other SITUATIONS ie ORGANIZED CRIME, ARMED GANGS, VIGLANTES etc which will be negatively impacting your ECONOMY in one way or the other, and therefor reducing your ability to get rid of the DEFICT. Also remember ENVIRONMENTAL SITUATIONS ie ASTHMA EPIDEMIC, POULLTION etc also tend to reduce things like HEALTH, PRODUCTIVITY, etc and thus also depress the ECONOMY indirectly.
Also if you are tackling DEBT, TAXS also work to reduce it without necessarily raising unemployment. The PETROL TAX is a VERY POWERFULL POLICY (too powerful IMO) as the large NEGATIVE happiness modifiers DO NOT kick in until a fair way along the % bar, allowing you to raise BILLIONs in TAXs with little issues other then the PC cost. There a few policies like this one, that have almost universal benefit for a large PC cost, that are worth investing in.
Finally remember to watch the GLOBAL ECONOMY graph as it cycles from BUST to BOOM (or visa versa), if it is on the way down then expect a steady and significant drop in GDP for a year or two. Either kick the economy into growth to keep up, raise taxs or abolish services/grants/susidies because if you do not, you will NOT survive to the next election.
Hope this helps. (Sorry if I went into too much detail or rehashed stuff you already know).